M83
NGC 5236
Properties
Position & Identifiers
Visibility
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Eyepiece View
M83 · 13.6′×13.2′ · N up, E left
Surface Brightness & Visibility
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Redshift
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About M83
Description
The Southern Pinwheel Galaxy is a magnificent face-on barred spiral galaxy in Hydra, about 15 million light-years from Earth. It is one of the nearest and brightest barred spiral galaxies, spanning about 55,000 light-years. M83 is a prolific starburst galaxy and one of the most active supernova producers known, with six recorded supernovae.
Observing Tips
Located about 6 degrees south of Gamma Hydrae. Its southerly declination (-30 degrees) makes it challenging from northern latitudes but rewarding when conditions allow. From clear, low-horizon sites, binoculars show a bright, round glow. A telescope reveals a brilliant bar-shaped core with spiral arms visible in 8 inches or more under dark skies. Best observed from April through June; get it when it's at its highest.
History
Discovered by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille on February 23, 1752 from South Africa — one of the earliest galaxies discovered. Charles Messier cataloged it on February 17, 1781 from Paris, noting it was very difficult from his location.
Fun Facts
M83 has produced six recorded supernovae (1923, 1945, 1950, 1957, 1968, 1983) — more than any other galaxy. This extraordinary rate reflects its vigorous star formation. The Hubble Space Telescope has revealed about 3,000 star clusters in M83, many containing very hot, young stars less than 5 million years old.