Upcoming Eclipses
Observing Eclipses
Lunar Eclipses — When Earth passes between the Sun and Moon, Earth's shadow falls on the Moon. Total lunar eclipses turn the Moon a deep red-copper color (the "Blood Moon") due to refracted sunlight passing through Earth's atmosphere. They are safe to observe with the naked eye or any telescope.
Solar Eclipses — When the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun. Total solar eclipses reveal the corona, prominences, and chromosphere. WARNING: Never observe a solar eclipse without proper solar filters! Only during totality (when the Sun is completely blocked) can you safely look without a filter.
The Danjon Scale — Rates the darkness of total lunar eclipses from L=0 (very dark, nearly invisible) to L=4 (copper-red, bright). The color depends on atmospheric conditions — volcanic eruptions and dust storms can darken eclipses significantly.
Eclipse Seasons — Eclipses can only occur when the Moon is near a node of its orbit (where it crosses the ecliptic plane). These "eclipse seasons" occur roughly every 6 months. The Saros cycle of 18 years, 11 days, 8 hours produces similar eclipses.
Equipment — Binoculars or a small telescope enhance lunar eclipse viewing. For solar eclipses, use certified solar filters (ISO 12312-2) for direct viewing, or project the image onto a white card.